Genesis 32:3 - 36:43
Parashah vaYishlach

A night of struggle a dawn of renewal

Ya’akov’s experience teaches us that the dark nights of our lives are meant to spark real change, calling us to stop running and allow Yehovah to shape our character.

Ya'akov, wrestling with a myisterious man who changes his name to Israel

Read the Story as Told in Scripture

TORAH | Genesis 32:3 - 36:43

3And Ya’akov sent messengers before him to Esav his brother unto the land of Seir, the field of Edom. 4And he commanded them, saying, Thus shall ye say unto my lord Esav: Thus saith thy servant Ya’akov, I have sojourned with Lavan, and stayed until now: 5and I have oxen, and asses, and flocks, and men-servants, and maid-servants: and I have sent to tell my lord, that I may find favor in thy sight. 6And the messengers returned to Ya’akov, saying, We came to thy brother Esav, and moreover he cometh to meet thee, and four hundred men with him. 7Then Ya’akov was greatly afraid and was distressed: and he divided the people that were with him, and the flocks, and the herds, and the camels, into two companies; 8and he said, If Esav come to the one company, and smite it, then the company which is left shall escape. 9And Ya’akov said, O God of my father Avraham, and God of my father Yitz’chak, O Yehovah, who saidst unto me, return unto thy country, and to thy kindred, and I will do thee good: 10I am not worthy of the least of all the lovingkindnesses, and of all the truth, which thou hast showed unto thy servant; for with my staff I passed over this Jordan; and now I am become two companies. 11Deliver me, I pray thee, from the hand of my brother, from the hand of Esav: for I fear him, lest he come and smite me, the mother with the children. 12And thou saidst, I will surely do thee good, and make thy seed as the sand of the sea, which cannot be numbered for multitude.

13And he lodged there that night, and took of that which he had with him a present for Esav his brother: 14two hundred she-goats and twenty he-goats, two hundred ewes and twenty rams, 15thirty milch camels and their colts, forty cows and ten bulls, twenty she-asses and ten foals. 16And he delivered them into the hand of his servants, every drove by itself, and said unto his servants, Pass over before me, and put a space betwixt drove and drove. 17And he commanded the foremost, saying, When Esau my brother meeteth thee, and asketh thee, saying, Whose art thou? and whither goest thou? and whose are these before thee? 18then thou shalt say They are thy servant Ya’akov’s; it is a present sent unto my lord Esav: and, behold, he also is behind us. 19And he commanded also the second, and the third, and all that followed the droves, saying, On this manner shall ye speak unto Esav, when ye find him; 20and ye shall say, Moreover, behold, thy servant Ya’akov is behind us. For he said, I will appease him with the present that goeth before me, and afterward I will see his face; peradventure he will accept me. 21So the present passed over before him: and he himself lodged that night in the company. 

22And he rose up that night, and took his two wives, and his two handmaids, and his eleven children, and passed over the ford of the Yabok. 23And he took them, and sent them over the stream, and sent over that which he had. 24And Ya’akov was left alone; and there wrestled a man with him until the breaking of the day. 25And when he saw that he prevailed not against him, he touched the hollow of his thigh; and the hollow of Ya’akov’s thigh was strained, as he wrestled with him. 26And he said, Let me go, for the day breaketh. And he said, I will not let thee go, except thou bless me. 27And he said unto him, What is thy name? And he said, Ya’akov. 28And he said, Thy name shall be called no more Ya’akov, but Israel: for thou hast striven with God and with men, and hast prevailed. 29And Ya’akov asked him, and said, Tell me, I pray thee, thy name. And he said, Wherefore is it that thou dost ask after my name? And he blessed him there. 30And Ya’akov called the name of the place Peni-El: for, said he, I have seen God face to face, and my life is preserved. 31And the sun rose upon him as he passed over Peni-El, and he limped upon his thigh. 32Therefore the children of Israel eat not the sinew of the hip which is upon the hollow of the thigh, unto this day: because he touched the hollow of Ya’akov’s thigh in the sinew of the hip. 

33 And Ya’akov lifted up his eyes, and looked, and, behold, Esav was coming, and with him four hundred men. And he divided the children unto Leah, and unto Rachel, and unto the two handmaids. 2And he put the handmaids and their children foremost, and Leah and her children after, and Rachel and Yosef hindermost. 3And he himself passed over before them, and bowed himself to the ground seven times, until he came near to his brother. 4And Esav ran to meet him, and embraced him, and fell on his neck, and kissed him: and they wept. 5And he lifted up his eyes, and saw the women and the children; and said, Who are these with thee? And he said, The children whom God hath graciously given thy servant. 6Then the handmaids came near, they and their children, and they bowed themselves. 7And Leah also and her children came near, and bowed themselves: and after came Yosef near and Rachel, and they bowed themselves. 8And he said, What meanest thou by all this company which I met? And he said, To find favor in the sight of my lord. 9And Esav said, I have enough, my brother; let that which thou hast be thine. 10And Ya’akov said, Nay, I pray thee, if now I have found favor in thy sight, then receive my present at my hand; forasmuch as I have seen thy face, as one seeth the face of God, and thou wast pleased with me. 11Take, I pray thee, my gift that is brought to thee; because God hath dealt graciously with me, and because I have enough. And he urged him, and he took it. 12And he said, Let us take our journey, and let us go, and I will go before thee. 13And he said unto him, My lord knoweth that the children are tender, and that the flocks and herds with me have their young: and if they overdrive them one day, all the flocks will die. 14Let my lord, I pray thee, pass over before his servant: and I will lead on gently, according to the pace of the cattle that are before me and according to the pace of the children, until I come unto my lord unto Se’ir. 15And Esav said, Let me now leave with thee some of the folk that are with me. And he said, What needeth it? let me find favor in the sight of my lord. 16So Esav returned that day on his way unto Se’ir. 17And Ya’akov journeyed to Sukkot, and built him a house, and made booths for his cattle: therefore the name of the place is called Sukkot. 

18And Ya’akov came in peace to the city of Sh’khem, which is in the land of Kena’an, when he came from Paddan-Aram; and encamped before the city. 19And he bought the parcel of ground, where he had spread his tent, at the hand of the children of Hamor, Sh’khem’s father, for a hundred pieces of money. 20And he erected there an altar, and called it El-Elohe-Israel. 

34 And Dinah the daughter of Leah, whom she bare unto Ya’akov, went out to see the daughters of the land. 2And Sh’khem the son of Hamor the Hivite, the prince of the land, saw her; and he took her, and lay with her, and humbled her. 3And his soul clave unto Dinah the daughter of Ya’akov, and he loved the damsel, and spake kindly unto the damsel. 4And Sh’khem spake unto his father Hamor, saying, Get me this damsel to wife. 5Now Ya’akov heard that he had defiled Dinah his daughter; and his sons were with his cattle in the field: and Ya’akov held his peace until they came. 6And Hamor the father of Sh’khem went out unto Ya’akov to commune with him. 7And the sons of Ya’akov came in from the field when they heard it: and the men were grieved, and they were very wroth, because he had wrought folly in Israel in lying with Ya’akov’s daughter; which thing ought not to be done. 8And Hamor communed with them, saying, The soul of my son Sh’khem longeth for your daughter: I pray you, give her unto him to wife. 9And make ye marriages with us; give your daughters unto us, and take our daughters unto you. 10And ye shall dwell with us: and the land shall be before you; dwell and trade ye therein, and get you possessions therein. 11And Sh’khem said unto her father and unto her brethren, Let me find favor in your eyes, and what ye shall say unto me I will give. 12Ask me never so much dowry and gift, and I will give according as ye shall say unto me: but give me the damsel to wife. 13And the sons of Ya’akov answered Sh’khem and Hamor his father with guile, and spake, because he had defiled Dinah their sister, 14and said unto them, We cannot do this thing, to give our sister to one that is uncircumcised; for that were a reproach unto us. 15Only on this condition will we consent unto you: if ye will be as we are, that every male of you be circumcised; 16then will we give our daughters unto you, and we will take your daughters to us, and we will dwell with you, and we will become one people. 17But if ye will not hearken unto us, to be circumcised; then will we take our daughter, and we will be gone. 

18And their words pleased Hamor, and Sh’khem Hamor’s son. 19And the young man deferred not to do the thing, because he had delight in Jacob’s daughter: and he was honored above all the house of his father. 20And Hamor and Sh’khem his son came unto the gate of their city, and communed with the men of their city, saying, 21These men are peaceable with us; therefore let them dwell in the land, and trade therein; for, behold, the land is large enough for them; let us take their daughters to us for wives, and let us give them our daughters. 22Only on this condition will the men consent unto us to dwell with us, to become one people, if every male among us be circumcised, as they are circumcised. 23Shall not their cattle and their substance and all their beasts be ours? only let us consent unto them, and they will dwell with us. 24And unto Hamor and unto Sh’khem his son hearkened all that went out of the gate of his city; and every male was circumcised, all that went out of the gate of his city. 25And it came to pass on the third day, when they were sore, that two of the sons of Ya’akov, Shim’on and Levi, Dinah’s brethren, took each man his sword, and came upon the city unawares, and slew all the males. 26And they slew Hamor and Sh’khem his son with the edge of the sword, and took Dinah out of Sh’khem’s house, and went forth. 27The sons of Ya’akov came upon the slain, and plundered the city, because they had defiled their sister. 28They took their flocks and their herds and their asses, and that which was in the city, and that which was in the field; 29and all their wealth, and all their little ones and their wives, took they captive and made a prey, even all that was in the house. 30And Ya’akov said to Shim’on and Levi, Ye have troubled me, to make me odious to the inhabitants of the land, among the Kena’ani and the P’rizi: and, I being few in number, they will gather themselves together against me and smite me; and I shall be destroyed, I and my house. 31And they said, Should he deal with our sister as with a harlot? 

35 And God said unto Ya’akov, Arise, go up to Beit-El, and dwell there: and make there an altar unto God, who appeared unto thee when thou fleddest from the face of Esav thy brother. 2Then Ya’akov said unto his household, and to all that were with him, Put away the foreign gods that are among you, and purify yourselves, and change your garments: 3and let us arise, and go up to Beit-El; and I will make there an altar unto God, who answered me in the day of my distress, and was with me in the way which I went. 4And they gave unto Ya’akov all the foreign gods which were in their hand, and the rings which were in their ears; and Ya’akov hid them under the oak which was by Sh’khem. 5And they journeyed: and a terror of God was upon the cities that were round about them, and they did not pursue after the sons of Ya’akov. 6So Ya’akov came to Luz, which is in the land of Kena’an the same is Beit-El), he and all the people that were with him. 7And he built there an altar, and called the place El-Beit-El [God of Beit-El]; because there God was revealed unto him, when he fled from the face of his brother. 8And D’vorah Rivkah’s nurse died, and she was buried below Beit-El under the oak: and the name of it was called Alon-Bakut [oak of weeping]. 

9And God appeared unto Ya’akov again, when he came from Paddan-Aram, and blessed him. 10And God said unto him, Thy name is Ya’akov: thy name shall not be called any more Ya’akov, but Israel shall be thy name: and he called his name Israel. 11And God said unto him, I am God Almighty: be fruitful and multiply; a nation and a company of nations shall be of thee, and kings shall come out of thy loins; 12and the land which I gave unto Avraham and Yitz’chak, to thee I will give it, and to thy seed after thee will I give the land. 13And God went up from him in the place where he spake with him. 14And Ya’akov set up a pillar in the place where he spake with him, a pillar of stone: and he poured out a drink-offering thereon, and poured oil thereon. 15And Ya’akov called the name of the place where God spake with him, Beit-El. 

16And they journeyed from Beit-El; and there was still some distance to come to Efrat: and Rachel travailed, and she had hard labor. 17And it came to pass, when she was in hard labor, that the midwife said unto her, Fear not; for now thou shalt have another son. 18And it came to pass, as her soul was departing (for she died), that she called his name Ben-Oni: but his father called him Binyamin [son of the right hand, son of the south]

. 19And Rachel died, and was buried in the way to Efrat (the same is Beit-Lechem). 20And Ya’akov set up a pillar upon her grave: the same is the Pillar of Rachel’s grave unto this day. 21And Israel journeyed, and spread his tent beyond Migdal-‘Eder. 22And it came to pass, while Israel dwelt in that land, that Reuben went and lay with Bilhah his father’s concubine: and Israel heard of it. 

Now the sons of Ya’akov were twelve: 23the sons of Leah: Reuben, Ya’akov’s first-born, and Shim’on, and Levi, and Y’hudah, and Yissakhar, and Z’bulun; 24the sons of Rachel: Yosef and Binyamin; 25and the sons of Bilhah, Rachel’s handmaid: Dan and Naftali; 26and the sons of Zilpah, Leah’s handmaid: Gad and Asher: these are the sons of Ya’akov, that were born to him in Paddan-Aram. 27And Ya’akov came unto Yitz’chak his father to Mamre, to Kiryat-Arba (the same is Hebron), where Avraham and Yitz’chak sojourned. 

28And the days of Yitz’chak were a hundred and fourscore years. 29And Yitz’chak gave up the ghost, and died, and was gathered unto his people, old and full of days: and Esav and Ya’akov his sons buried him. 

36 Now these are the generations of Esav (the same is Edom). 2Esav took his wives of the daughters of Kena’an: Adah the daughter of Eilon the Hittite, and Oholibamah the daughter of Anah, the daughter of Tziv’on the Hivi, 3and Basmat Yishma’el’s daughter, sister of Nebaioth. 4And Adah bare to Esau Elifaz; and Basmat bare Re’u’el; 5and Oholivama bare Ye’ush, and Ya’lam, and Korach: these are the sons of Esav, that were born unto him in the land of Kena’an. 6And Esav took his wives, and his sons, and his daughters, and all the souls of his house, and his cattle, and all his beasts, and all his possessions, which he had gathered in the land of Kena’an; and went into a land away from his brother Ya’akov. 7For their substance was too great for them to dwell together; and the land of their sojournings could not bear them because of their cattle. 8And Esav dwelt in mount Se’ir: Esav is Edom. 

9And these are the generations of Esav the father of the Edom in mount Se’ir: 10these are the names of Esav’s sons: Elifaz the son of Adah the wife of Esav, Re’u’el the son of Bsemat the wife of Esav. 11And the sons of Elifaz were Teman, Omar, Tzefo, and Ga’tam, and K’naz. 12And Timna was concubine to Elifaz Esav’s son; and she bare to Elifaz Amalec: these are the sons of Adah, Esav’s wife. 13And these are the sons of Re’u’el: Nahath, and Zerah, Shammah, and Mizzah: these were the sons of Basemath, Esav’s wife. 14And these were the sons of Oholivama the daughter of Anah, the daughter of Tziv’on, Esav’s wife: and she bare to Esav Ye’ush, and Ya’lam, and Korach. 

15These are the chiefs of the sons of Esav: the sons of Elifaz the first-born of Esav: chief Teman, chief Omar, chief Zefo, chief Kenaz, 16chief Korach, chief Gatam, chief Amalec: these are the chiefs that came of Elifaz in the land of Edom; these are the sons of Adah. 17And these are the sons of Re’u’el, Esav’s son: chief Nahath, chief Zerah, chief Shammah, chief Mizzah: these are the chiefs that came of Re’u’el in the land of Edom; these are the sons of Bsemath, Esav’s wife. 18And these are the sons of Oholivama, Esav’s wife: chief Je’ush, chief Ya’lam, chief Korach: these are the chiefs that came of Oholivama the daughter of Anah, Esav’s wife. 19These are the sons of Esav, and these are their chiefs: the same is Edom. 

20These are the sons of Se’ir the Horite, the inhabitants of the land: Lotan and Shobal and Zibeon and Anah, 21and Dishon and Ezer and Dishan: these are the chiefs that came of the Horites, the children of Seir in the land of Edom. 22And the children of Lotan were Hori and Heman; and Lotan’s sister was Timna. 23And these are the children of Shobal: Alvan and Manahath and Ebal, Shepho and Onam. 24And these are the children of Zibeon: Aiah and Anah; this is Anah who found the hot springs in the wilderness, as he fed the asses of Zibeon his father. 25And these are the children of Anah: Dishon and Oholibamah the daughter of Anah. 26And these are the children of Dishon: Hemdan and Eshban and Ithran and Cheran. 27These are the children of Ezer: Bilhan and Zaavan and Akan. 28These are the children of Dishan: Uz and Aran. 29These are the chiefs that came of the Horites: chief Lotan, chief Shobal, chief Zibeon, chief Anah, 30chief Dishon, chief Ezer, chief Dishan: these are the chiefs that came of the Horites, according to their chiefs in the land of Seir. 

31And these are the kings that reigned in the land of Edom, before there reigned any king over the children of Israel. 32And Bela the son of Beor reigned in Edom; and the name of his city was Dinhabah. 33And Bela died, and Jobab the son of Zerah of Bozrah reigned in his stead. 34And Jobab died, and Husham of the land of the Temanites reigned in his stead. 35And Husham died, and Hadad the son of Bedad, who smote Midian in the field of Moab, reigned in his stead: and the name of his city was Avith. 36And Hadad died, and Samlah of Masrekah reigned in his stead. 37And Samlah died, and Shaul of Rehoboth by the River reigned in his stead. 38And Shaul died, and Baal-hanan the son of Achbor reigned in his stead. 39And Baal-hanan the son of Achbor died, and Hadar reigned in his stead: and the name of his city was Pau; and his wife’s name was Mehetabel, the daughter of Matred, the daughter of Me-zahab. 

40And these are the names of the chiefs that came of Esau, according to their families, after their places, by their names: chief Timna, chief Alvah, chief Jetheth, 41chief Oholibamah, chief Elah, chief Pinon, 42chief Kenaz, chief Teman, chief Mibzar, 43chief Magdiel, chief Iram: these are the chiefs of Edom, according to their habitations in the land of their possession. This is Esau, the father of the Edomites. 

PROPHETS | Oba. 1-21

1The vision of Obadiah. 

Thus saith the Lord Yehovah concerning Edom: We have heard tidings from Yehovah, and an ambassador is sent among the nations, saying, Arise ye, and let us rise up against her in battle. 2Behold, I have made thee small among the nations: thou art greatly despised. 3The pride of thy heart hath deceived thee, O thou that dwellest in the clefts of the rock, whose habitation is high; that saith in his heart, Who shall bring me down to the ground? 4Though thou mount on high as the eagle, and though thy nest be set among the stars, I will bring thee down from thence, saith Yehovah. 

5If thieves came to thee, if robbers by night (how art thou cut off!), would they not steal only till they had enough? if grape-gatherers came to thee, would they not leave some gleaning grapes? 6How are the things of Esav searched! how are his hidden treasures sought out! 7All the men of thy confederacy have brought thee on thy way, even to the border: the men that were at peace with thee have deceived thee, and prevailed against thee; they that eat thy bread lay a snare under thee: there is no understanding in him. 8Shall I not in that day, saith Yehovah, destroy the wise men out of Edom, and understanding out of the mount of Esav? 9And thy mighty men, O Teman, shall be dismayed, to the end that every one may be cut off from the mount of Esav by slaughter. 

10For the violence done to thy brother Ya’akov, shame shall cover thee, and thou shalt be cut off for ever. 11In the day that thou stoodest on the other side, in the day that strangers carried away his substance, and foreigners entered into his gates, and cast lots upon Yerushalayim, even thou wast as one of them. 12But look not thou on the day of thy brother in the day of his disaster, and rejoice not over the children of Y’hudah in the day of their destruction; neither speak proudly in the day of distress. 13Enter not into the gate of my people in the day of their calamity; yea, look not thou on their affliction in the day of their calamity, neither lay ye hands on their substance in the day of their calamity. 14And stand thou not in the crossway, to cut off those of his that escape; and deliver not up those of his that remain in the day of distress. 

15For the day of Yehovah is near upon all the nations: as thou hast done, it shall be done unto thee; thy dealing shall return upon thine own head. 16For as ye have drunk upon my holy mountain, so shall all the nations drink continually; yea, they shall drink, and swallow down, and shall be as though they had not been. 

17But in Mount Tziyon there shall be those that escape, and it shall be holy; and the house of Ya’akov shall possess their possessions. 18And the house of Ya’akov shall be a fire, and the house of Yosef a flame, and the house of Esav for stubble, and they shall burn among them, and devour them; and there shall not be any remaining to the house of Esav; for Yehovah hath spoken it. 19And they of the Negev shall possess the mount of Esav, and they of the lowland the P’lishtim; and they shall possess the field of Efrayim, and the field of Shomron; and Binyamin shall possess Gil’ad. 20And the captives of this host of the children of Israel, that are among the Kena’anim, shall possess even unto Tzarfat; and the captives of Yerushalayim, that are in S’farad, shall possess the cities of the Negev. 21And saviours shall come up on Mount Tziyon to judge the mount of Esav; and the kingdom shall be Yehovah’s. 

GOSPEL | Mt. 2:13-23

13Now when they were departed, behold, an angel of the Lord appeareth to Yosef in a dream, saying, Arise and take the young child and his mother, and flee into Egypt, and be thou there until I tell thee: for Herod will seek the young child to destroy him. 14And he arose and took the young child and his mother by night, and departed into Egypt; 15and was there until the death of Herod: that it might be fulfilled which was spoken by the Lord through the prophet, saying, Out of Egypt did I call my son. 

16Then Herod, when he saw that he was mocked of the Wise-men, was exceeding wroth, and sent forth, and slew all the male children that were in Beit-Lechem, and in all the borders thereof, from two years old and under, according to the time which he had exactly learned of the Magi. 17Then was fulfilled that which was spoken through Yirmeyahu the prophet, saying, 

18A voice was heard in Ramah,
w
eeping and great mourning, 
Rachel weeping for her children; 
and she would not be comforted, because they are not. 

19But when Herod was dead, behold, an angel of the Lord appeareth in a dream to Yosef in Egypt, saying, 20Arise and take the young child and his mother, and go into the land of Israel: for they are dead that sought the young child’s life. 21And he arose and took the young child and his mother, and came into the land of Israel. 22But when he heard that Archelaus was reigning over Judaea in the room of his father Herod, he was afraid to go thither; and being warned of God in a dream, he withdrew into the parts of Galil, 23and came and dwelt in a city called Natzeret; that it might be fulfilled which was spoken through the prophets, that he should be called a Natzrati. 

The Ancient Power of a Blessing

In all these cases, a blessing—in the biblical sense—is closely tied to the idea of giving something.

Seeing Life the Way Ya'akov Did

You will never find a tombstone celebrating business accomplishments or financial success. When a tombstone speaks, it honors the person as a father, mother, husband, wife, or friend.

A Brief Insight

Ya’akov prepares to return to the land promised by Yehovah, knowing he must face Esav after years of separation. Fearing conflict, he prays for protection and sends gifts ahead. That night he wrestles with a heavenly messenger and receives a new name: Israel. When the brothers finally meet, Esav embraces him instead of attacking, showing that Yehovah had already softened his heart. Ya’akov settles in the land, but tragedy strikes when his daughter Dinah is violated, leading Sh’mon and Levi to take harsh revenge. Later, Yehovah reaffirms His covenant with Ya’akov at Bet-‘El. The narrative closes with the birth of Binjamin, the death of Rachel, and the record of Esav’s descendants, who become the nation of Edom.

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